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The reason for bromines successful evasion of discovery is the company it keeps. Look through salty water and youll usually also find chlorine and iodine. Iodine, as people who work in hospitals know, is dark red in liquid disinfec stanley kubek tant. In its gas phase, its bright violet. Chlorine has a noxious smell. WhenJustus Von Liebig, a well-known chemist of the early 1800s, extracted bromine as a salt from a sample of water from a certain spring, he assumed that he had just gotten a combination of iodine and chlorine. Carl Jacob L枚wig was a chemistry student in the town from which Von Liebigs spring water sample came. He got a sample himself. He can be excused for believing the sample he got contained chlorine, because as part of the process of examination, he added chlorine to the water. He then added ether, and saw a strange substance precipitating out of it. When he evaporated the ether, he got a reddish liquid, which he also assumed was chlorine and iodine. His instructor informed him that this liquid may not be the combinat stanley flasks ion he had assumed it to be, but L枚wig was in the middle of his schooling and didnt have time to go back to studying the liquid until it was too late. And then, it was too late 鈥?becauseAntoine-J茅r么me Balardhad been attacking the problem from a different angle. He didnt have to precipitate salt, because the sample he got was already in salt form, scraped up from stanley cup a salt marsh in France. Like L枚wig, Balard added chlorine, then distilled it out again, getting a Vkvs Report: Google s One Step Closer to Being Hit with an FTC Anti-Trust Case
Many of these items come from the collection of Maurice Collins. You can see more of his odd devices from the 19th century and early 20th century at Victorian Gadgets. Camera Pocket Watch: This early hidden camera was patented by the Lancaster Watch Camera in 1886. You could conveniently slip it in your purse or pocket and no one would be the wiser. This particular model wasn ;t terribly practical, however. For each exposure, you had to release four very small catches to release the glass screen and fit a separate metal sensitised material holder, making it a bit indiscreet when you wanted to actually take photos. Still, it was handy if you wanted to smuggle a camera somewhere. [Watchismo] Gadget Cane: By the early 19th century, inventors were coming up with all manner of innovative canes. Hollow canes could be used for hiding messages, but more complex canes could also serve the spy on the go. This particular cane could be unscrewed to reveal a spyglass, and a gun could be pulled from the top stanley thermosflasche and quickly fired. If you ;re in the market for something simpler, you could opt for a plain old pin gun cane. Cipher Disk: Mathematician Charles Babbage would make great contributions to the field of cryptography, emphasizing the use of maths to crack codes. But if you were working with the popular Vigen猫re stanley deutschland cipher, your agents would need a device like this Confederate States of America cipher disk to read your encoded messages. Image from Wikimedia Commons. stanley cups Ring Gun: This 19 |
